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Performance-based regulation, commonly called PBR, is an alternative or a modification to cost-of-service (COS) ratemaking. It is...
A power pool is an entity that handles scheduling and dispatch functions for a group of power plants owned by multiple entities. Power...
Price risk is the possibility that a commodity price change will cause financial losses for the buyer or seller of a commodity such as...
A prosumer is an electricity customer that both consumes and produces energy. Becoming a prosumer is enabled by technologies such as...
The first move toward restructuring of U.S. electricity markets occurred in 1978, when Congress passed PURPA. Passed during the 1970s...
In 1978, the U.S. Congress passed the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA), which contained measures to encourage more...
RIIO (the name is taken from the equation Revenues = Incentives + Innovation + Outputs) is a form of performance-based regulation applied...
Rate design is the process of determining how authorized revenues will be collected from customers through utility charges. Once a...
In recent years, typical authorized rates of returns for utilities in the U.S. have been between 9 and 10%. Cost-of-service ratemaking...
Ratemaking is the process of determining rates for LDC, pipeline, electric transmission, and electric distribution services. There are...
Most appliance and consumer equipment manufacturers rate their equipment in units of real power. In the electric industry, the standard...
A red tag is a notice placed on a customer facility when a utility company employee or a city or county inspector notes an unsafe...
An RTO is a formal designation by the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). In most cases, RTOs and Independent System...
Federal regulation of the natural gas and electricity industries is applied to facilities or commodity transactions involved in...
In the mid to late 1800s, the utility industry rapidly developed in an environment of open competition. Most cities and states believed...
Note: This entry refers to an agency that regulates an energy company, not the piece of natural gas equipment that regulates pressure....
The relationship between regulators and utilities is often described as the regulatory compact. This means that in return for government...
Rates and rules for regulated services are established through regulatory proceedings that are designed to give all interested parties a...
A renewable energy credit, commonly called a REC, is a tradeable financial instrument that allows the owner of a renewable facility to...
