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Delivery Systems

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LNG units

LNG units can be complex because different units are used to measure natural gas in its gaseous and liquid forms. And since LNG is a...

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Lease condensate

Lease condensate (commonly called condensate or condy and sometimes called natural gasoline) is an oil-like hydrocarbon that is separated...

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Lease facility

After natural gas is produced at the well, piping is connected to the wellhead so the gas can flow to a lease facility where it is...

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Lightning arrester

Lightning arresters are important transmission and distribution system protective devices, especially in geographic areas prone to large...

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Line and service fuse

A fuse is a device that provides protection to electrical circuits by melting a fusible link when current exceeding its rating flows...

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Line pack

Line pack is natural gas that is stored within the pipes of a gas transmission or distribution system. Line pack is used by gas system...

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Liquefaction

Liquefaction is the process of converting natural gas (methane) from a gas to a liquid by cooling the gas to a temperature of about...

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Load factor

Load factor is a measure of how average usage relates to peak usage. Load factor is calculated as the total usage for a given period of...

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Load following

Load following, also called ramping, is a generic term for the essential grid operation of ramping supply sources up or down in response...

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Load forecasting

Load forecasting is the process of creating a forecast of the amount of gas or electric load expected on a system during a specified...

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Load shedding

Load shedding is a form of demand response whereby loads are reduced (automatically or under the control of a power system operator) in...

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Load-following resources

Load-following resources are used to manage fluctuations in system loads over a longer time period than frequency regulation, typically...

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Local distribution company (LDC)

A local distribution company, or LDC, is the gas utility that transports and distributes gas from the citygate to end users. LDCs may...

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Loop feed electric distribution

The distribution feeder design dictates how distribution feeder lines are laid out and interconnected to provide service to customers and...

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Lost and unaccounted for (LAUF or LUAF) gas

The difference between the quantity of natural gas received into a gas pipeline or distribution system (including gas received from...

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Main disconnect

The main disconnect is a device installed in most electrical systems within customer facilities. Today’s electrical codes require some...

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Marginal heat rate

The marginal heat rate represents the assumed heat rate of the marginal unit at a specific market location given the market price of...

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Master meter

A master meter is a main meter installed ahead of a series of sub-meters. Master and sub-metering is common in tenant occupancies like...

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Maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP)

Maximum allowable operating pressure, or MAOP, is the highest pressure a gas system component or section is designed to withstand and...

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Mercaptan

Also known as methanethiol, mercaptan produces the pungent smell we associate with natural gas. Because natural gas is odorless and...

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