An independent system operator, or ISO, is an independent organization that handles electric grid operations, market facilitation for...

A power system stabilizer (PSS) is a control system installed on a generation unit that monitors variables such as current, voltage, and...

Area control error, commonly called ACE, is a quantity used in operating bulk electric systems. ACE is defined as the instantaneous...

Allowance for funds used during construction, commonly called AFUDC, is a regulatory method of compensating a utility for the financing...

AGC is a generator control system that adjusts the real power output of generators in response to control signals from the system...

The heat rate of a power plant is a quantity that reflects the amount of fuel required to generate one unit of electrical energy. The...

A nomination is a request to move gas from one location to another under a specific contract with a pipeline. It may be made prior to the...

Locational marginal pricing, commonly called LMP, is a means of pricing electricity in organized wholesale markets facilitated by...

When engineers design a steel gas line, they designate a required pipe minimum yield strength, often called the specified minimum yield...

The long-term balance of electric supply and demand in a specific market region is evaluated by looking at the reserve margin. The...

A register is the device that records the units that are measured by the meter, and there are a number of different register types. The...

A balancing authority is the entity responsible for maintaining system frequency for an area comprising a collection of generation,...

In natural gas wholesale trading markets, bid week is the last five business days immediately preceding the first of each month. Although...

The meter installation type refers to how the meter is wired into the electric system and what other auxiliary equipment is necessary for...

Administrative and general expenses are a sub-category of expenses incurred in the normal day-to-day operations of a business. Utility...

Users of natural gas are rarely able to forecast exactly how much gas they will need on a given day. Production rates go up and down,...

Regulating reserve is capacity comprising sources of supply whose output can be increased (ramped up or incremented) or decreased (ramped...

Use of generation is often divided into three categories — baseload, which is generation run all 24 hours of the day; intermediate, which...