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An advanced solid-state meter that includes remote communication of data is often called a smart meter. A smart meter offers the ability...
When engineers design a steel gas line, they designate a required pipe minimum yield strength, often called the specified minimum yield...
Spinning reserve is provided by resources that are not putting energy onto the grid but are synchronized to the frequency of the system...
A state estimator is a software program that describes the current state of an electrical transmission or distribution system. The...
Steel pipe used in transporting natural gas is constructed in one of two ways. For larger pipe typically used for transmission systems, a...
Sub-meters are meters installed behind a master meter. Master and sub-metering is common in tenant occupancies like office buildings,...
Substations are sets of equipment on an electrical system that transform voltage from high to low, or vice versa, and may perform other...
Surge impedance loading, commonly called SIL, is a quantity used by system operators as a benchmark to determine whether a transmission...
Switching is the process of rerouting the path that power takes through an electric transmission or distribution system by opening or...
A switchyard is the set of facilities outside a power plant in which voltage is transformed and electricity flow is directed onto...
A synchronous generator is an electrical machine that converts the mechanical power of a spinning shaft into alternating current (AC)...
Synthetic natural gas (SNG), also sometimes called syngas or substitute natural gas, is natural gas that is created from materials that...
System restoration, sometimes simply called restoration, is the process of restoring service to customers after an outage or blackout....
TVA is a corporation owned by the United States government. TVA provides wholesale electricity in seven southern states as well as...
A therm is a measure of the energy content of natural gas and is equal to 100,000 British thermal units (Btu). Many gas utilities bill...
Three-part communication is a process used in the natural gas and electric industries to limit errors due to lack of effective...
Three-phase power refers to an electrical system that has three voltage or current curves. While we are used to thinking of electric...
Three-phase service is typically provided to larger commercial and industrial customers. Any customer, whether it be residential,...
Tidal hydropower plants, also called tidal barrage plants, depend on dams across an estuary or tidal channel that trap incoming tidal...
A transformer is a device that changes the voltage of electricity. Transformers are fairly simple devices that operate under the...
