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Electricity

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Load factor

Load factor is a measure of how average usage relates to peak usage. Load factor is calculated as the total usage for a given period of...

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Load following

Load following, also called ramping, is a generic term for the essential grid operation of ramping supply sources up or down in response...

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Load forecasting

Load forecasting is the process of creating a forecast of the amount of gas or electric load expected on a system during a specified...

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Load serving entity (LSE)

In many regions, the term load serving entity (LSE) is used to refer to any electric market participant that provides supply to end-use...

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Load shedding

Load shedding is a form of demand response whereby loads are reduced (automatically or under the control of a power system operator) in...

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Load-following resources

Load-following resources are used to manage fluctuations in system loads over a longer time period than frequency regulation, typically...

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Locational marginal pricing (LMP)

Locational marginal pricing, commonly called LMP, is a means of pricing electricity in organized wholesale markets facilitated by...

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Loop feed electric distribution

The distribution feeder design dictates how distribution feeder lines are laid out and interconnected to provide service to customers and...

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Main disconnect

The main disconnect is a device installed in most electrical systems within customer facilities. Today’s electrical codes require some...

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Marginal heat rate

The marginal heat rate represents the assumed heat rate of the marginal unit at a specific market location given the market price of...

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Mark-to-market (MTM)

The market-to-market (MTM) value of a portfolio of physical and financial assets is the current value of the portfolio if it were...

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Market affiliate rules

In the energy industry it is common for holding companies to own multiple market participants in a specific marketplace. For example,...

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Market-based rate

Market-based rates refers to prices charged by regulated entities such as generators, electric transmission lines, gas pipelines, gas...

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Master meter

A master meter is a main meter installed ahead of a series of sub-meters. Master and sub-metering is common in tenant occupancies like...

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Merchant generator

Merchant generators are electric generation entities that create revenues by participating in competitive electric markets. Some in the...

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Meter accuracy and testing

Regulatory rules specify the required accuracy of meters, procedures for testing meters and procedures for the replacement of inaccurate...

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Meter loop

The meter loop is the electrical equipment in an overhead service arrangement that runs vertically down the side of the building between...

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Meter reading

Historically, data was collected by sending a meter reader into the field. The data collected was then manually copied from the meter...

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Monopoly

A monopoly is a business situation in which a corporation — through market power or a government-granted franchise — is either the only...

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Municipal solid waste biopower

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generation, often called MSW, uses direct combustion technology to combust garbage. This process first...

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