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Energy services companies, or ESCOs, evolved in the regulated model to offer services beyond the regulated services offered by utility...
An essential facility is a gas or electric company that has some competition but, due to the nature of the business, competition is...
An expense is an expenditure other than capital. Most expenses are a primary component of a utility’s revenue requirement (along with...
In 1977, the Department of Energy Organization Act created the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), a successor agency to the...
The use of financial instruments to manage risks has been well known in commodity industries for decades. Gas and electric market...
Firm service is the highest priority utility, gas pipeline, gas storage, electric transmission, gas purchase, or electric purchase level...
A fixed cost remains basically constant regardless of the level of output or operation in a company over a short period of time (one to a...
Gas combustion turbines allow a form of power generation where natural gas is directly used to fire a turbine that drives the generator...
Natural gas composition varies by well, but most wells include methane, natural gas liquids, and various undesirable substances called...
The Gas Control Department of an LDC or a pipeline company operates the overall natural gas pipeline system to ensure that safe operating...
Natural gas is delivered from the transmission system to end-use customers by the distribution system. Unlike the transmission system,...
Once exploration has provided enough evidence to indicate the existence of a natural gas reservoir, a decision must be made on whether...
Gas exploration is the process of exploring for and discovering new gas deposits. The way in which producers explore for natural gas...
After it is produced at the well, gas is moved to lease facilities. At these facilities condensate and water are separated from the gas....
As long ago as 1000 BC the Greeks are credited with the discovery of natural gas. According to legend, a goat herdsman was startled by...
A nomination is a request to move gas from one location to another under a specific contract with a pipeline. It may be made prior to the...
A gas odorant system is the equipment that injects mercaptan into natural gas transmission or distribution systems so that leaks can be...
While several theories exist to explain the development of natural gas, the most widely accepted holds that natural gas and crude oil are...
An important property of natural gas is its pressure. Pressure differentials allow natural gas to be moved through the pipeline network....
Raw gas from lease facilities is transported through a gathering system of small diameter pipes to a processing facility where it is...
